Flange gaskets are used to create a static seal between two flanges faces, at various operating conditions(varied pressure and temperature ratings). Gaskets fill the microscopic spaces and irregularities of the flange faces, and then it forms a seal that is designed to keep liquids and gases. Correct installation of damage-free gaskets and damage-free flange faces is a requirement for a leak-free flange connection.
Types of gaskets
Materials for gaskets can be divided into three main categories:
Non-metallic types
- Non-metallic gaskets are usually composite sheet materials used with flat-face and raised-face flanges in low Pressure Class applications.
- ASME B16.21 covers types, sizes, materials, dimensions, dimensional tolerances, and markings for non-metallic flat gaskets.
Semi-metallic types
- Semi-metallic gaskets are composites of metal and non-metallic materials. The metal is intended to offer strength and resiliency, while the non-metallic portion provides conformability and sealability.
- ASME B16.20 covers materials, dimensions, dimensional tolerances, and markings for metallic and semi-metallic gaskets.
Metallic types
- Metallic gaskets are fabricated from one or a combination of metals to the desired shape and size. Often used metallic gaskets are ring-type-joint gaskets (RTJ). They are always applied to special, accompanying flanges which ensure good, reliable sealing with the correct choice of profiles and material.
- ASME B16.20 covers materials, dimensions, dimensional tolerances, and markings for metallic and semi-metallic gaskets.
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